(一)、全部否定。 英语中,全部否定是通过一些否定词来表达的。如:no, none, not never, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither…nor.
(1). Nowadays it is not difficult to go abroad.
(2). The boy was nowhere to be found.
(二)、部分否定
当英语中的某些不定代词如all,both, every, each , 某些副词如often,always 和否定词连用时,表示部分否定。
(1)。All the novelist’s detective cases, however, were not successful.
(2). Both the instruments are not precision ones.
(三)、双重否定
汉译时可以翻译成肯定。
(1). Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 有志者事竟成。
(2). There is not any advantage without disadvantage. 有一利必有一弊。
(3). He cannot but agree.他不得不同意。
(4). There is no story without coincidence. │无巧不成书。
(四)、形式否定,意义肯定。
1.“Nothing”. He is five foot nothing. 他整整五英尺。
2.“cannot be +too+adj.”意为“怎么……也不过分”。“越……越好” 如:
i.you cannot be too careful. 你越仔细越好。
ii.This point cannot be overemphasized. 这一点应该特别强调。
(五)、表示否定的特殊结构、短语和词汇。
1.动词如:refuse,wonder, fail 等可意译成汉语否定词。
a)The engine failed to start.
b)I wonder if I can go with you.
c)The drain just refused to work.
2. 有些介词如:above, beyond, out of; 形容词如:last, short (of), far from; 副词:ill; 连词:before等,亦有否定意义,可译成汉语的否定词。
1.It is beyond his power to sign the contract.
2.He would be the last man to do the job.
3.This question id far from difficult.
4.We are short of hands at present.
5.Mr. Green is out of town this week.
6.He was ill treated in hospital.
7.I would die before i surrender.
8.He is anything but modest.
9.We tried in vain to measure the voltage.
3. “no more than ”, “no less than ”意为“只……”
she is no less active than she used to be.她跟从前一样活跃。
六、否定转移
1.“no” 与谓语动词的肯定式
(1)At no time and under no circumstance will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. 中国在任何时候任何情况下,都不首先使用核武器。
(2)A transformer provides no power of its own.
2.注意“no”“not”都有否定的意义, 但在句子中意义不一样。
(1). He is not a doctor. 他不是医生。
He is no doctor. 他根本不是医生。
(2). It is not a joke. 这不是笑话。
It is no joke. 这绝对不是开玩笑的事。
3.Think, suppose, believe 等的否定式与that 从句。
(1). I don’t think it is good to marry early.
(2). I don’t suppose they will arrive on time.
上一篇:正反译法简介
下一篇:怎样使英文句子简练利落
关键字Tags:翻译,否定,如何,做好,is,